Acetoacetyl-CoA synthetase, also known as Acyl-CoA synthetase family member 1, Protein sur-5 homolog, AACS, and ACSF1, is a member of the ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family. AACS is highly expressed in kidney, heart and brain, but low in liver. AACS is an essential enzyme for the synthesis of fatty acid and cholesterol from ketone bodies. AACS in adipose tissue plays an important role in utilizing ketone body for the fatty acid-synthesis during adipose tissue development. AACS was found to be highly expressed in mouse adipose tissue, and GC box and C/EBPs motif were crucial for AACS promoter activity. Moreover, AACS promoter activity was controlled mainly by C/EBPalpha during adipogenesis. AACS is a novel cytosolic ketone body (acetoacetate)-specific ligase, the physiological role of which remains to be elucidated.
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